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Guidelines for the Assessment and Educational Evaluation of Students Who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing

Eligibility Factors


To be considered for certain educational or related services, a child must be determined as eligible. As part of the educational evaluation process, the following factors should be considered for students who are deaf or hard of hearing:

Audiological Factors

  • Age of onset
  • Age of identification
  • Auditory skills and use of residual hearing
  • Speech perception
  • Effectiveness of amplification technology
  • Age of full-time amplification
  • Etiology of the hearing loss and associated risk factors
  • Type and degree of hearing loss
  • Functional listening evaluation and skills

Behavioral Factors

  • Attitudinal and motivational levels
  • Psychosocial behaviors
  • Adverse childhood experiences or trauma
  • Behavioral functioning

Communication Factors

  • Augmentative communication devices
  • Assistive technology
  • Primary language
  • Preferred mode of communication
  • Language processing skills

Educational Factors

  • Additional eligibilities or exceptionalities
  • Attendance consistency and stability
  • Early education
  • Performance on curriculum-based assessment
  • Classroom environment (e.g., acoustics, lighting, participation strategies, interpreter, captioning, technology)
  • Access to language throughout day

Family History

  • Birth history and results of Universal Newborn Hearing
  • Screening
  • Medical and audiological histories
  • Social and developmental history
  • Mode of communication, home language, cultural factors
  • Educational history (e.g., grades,portfolios)
  • Description of the student’s strengths, weaknesses, and interests
  • Description of the student’s temperament and behavior
  • Other pertinent information
  • Complete adaptive behavior or other inventories, as requested

Psycho-Social-Emotional Factors

  • Family history
  • Genetic history
  • Home language
  • Social behavior
  • Medical concerns: risk factors (e.g., infections, syndromes, routine medications)
  • Mental health
  • Family member(s)
  • Parent/family knowledge and support
  • Hearing status of child
  • Hearing status of family member